ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ NGỘ ĐỘC CẤP Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1

Abstract

Background: Acute poisoning is a common emergency in children. This is also one of the important problems that affects physical and mental development and even causes death in children. Researching the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning contributes to helping medical staff diagnose early and improve treatment quality. Objectives: Determine the rate of some epidemiological characteristics in pediatric patients with acute poisoning at Children's Hospital 1. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, both retrospective and prospective, on 294 pediatric patients with acute poisoning from June 2021 to June 2023 at Children's Hospital 1. Results: The median age of the study subjects was 3,2; interquartile range was 7,6 (1,8-9,3); The youngest is 26 days old and the oldest is 16 years old. Poisoning occurs in the age group <3 years old, accounting for the highest rate (47,3%), of which 1 - 3 years old accounts for 37,4%. Ratio Male/Female = 1,1/1. Pediatric patients from Ho Chi Minh City (67%) are higher than other provinces (33%). The time of poisoning is usually in the evening (35,1%) and at home (93,9%). Children are often exposed to toxins through the gastrointestinal tract at a rate of 95,2%. Time to hospital was <6 hours (80,62%) and the proportion of pediatric patients treated first was 7.1%. Conclusion: Acute poisoning occurs at all ages, the most common age group is the younger age group <6 years old and boys are more affected than girls. Most pediatric patients come from Ho Chi Minh City, and the time of poisoning is usually in the evening and at home. Children are often exposed to toxins through many routes, most commonly the gastrointestinal tract. Time to hospital is usually <6 hours early and the rate of first-line treatment is low.