TỶ LỆ THIẾU MÁU TRƯỚC PHẪU THUẬT UNG THƯ ĐƯỜNG TIÊU HÓA: ĐÁNH GIÁ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN

Abstract

Background: Preoperative anemia is considered independent risk factors for poor outcome in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Preoperative anemia has been associated with increased risk of red blood cell transfusion and increased morbidity and mortality after surgery. Management preoperative anemia strategies for gastrointestinal cancer patients are not insufficiently defined and recommended. Objectives: Evaluate the preoperative anemia prevalence in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Identify risk factors affectin for preoperative anemia in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Patients and methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. We selected all patients with gastrointestinal cancer (including esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer) with program strategy indications from December 2022 to May 2023 at Gia Dinh People's Hospital. Preoperative anemia is based on the first hemoglobin (Hb) concentration at hospital, Hb < 12 g/dl for women, Hb < 13 g/dl for men. Results: Of the 118 patiens screened , 110 gastrointestinal cancer patients were analyzed. The mean age was 61±12 year, mainly 53% males. Preoperative anemia prevalence was 45.5%, mainly mild - moderate anemia, with mild/ moderate/severe anemia prevalence is 20.9%/ 18.2%/6.4%. The most common anemia characteristics are normocytic (60%) and isochromic (70%) anemia. Physical state according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists(p=0,006), preoperative albumin(p=0,006), weight loss(p=0,004), history of gastrointestinal bleeding (p=0,008), tumor location (p=0,019), and cancer stage (p=0,02) are all factors that related preoperative anemia in gastrointestinal cancer. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal cancer patients have high prevalence of preoperative anemia. Early detection of anemia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer is an urgent need of patient blood management to hence improving post-operative outcomes in group of surgical cancer patients.