ĐẶC ĐIỂM HOÀ HỢP HLA Ở NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP GHÉP TẾ BÀO GỐC ĐỒNG LOÀI TỪ MÁU NGOẠI VI HUY ĐỘNG TẠI VIỆN HUYẾT HỌC - TRUYỀN MÁU TW (2014-2022)

Abstract

Background: Stem cells from an HLA-mismatched donor are applied for patients who can not find an HLA-matched stem cell source. Objective: To analyze HLA compatibility characteristics in cases with allogeneic stem cell transplantation using peripheral blood stem cells to treat some hematological diseases and some post-transplant results at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion in 2014-2022. Subjects: 176 allogeneic stem cell transplant cases at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion in 2014-2022. Method: retrospective, longitudinal descriptive study. Results: Among 176 allogeneic stem cell transplants, patients transplanted from HLA-mismatched peripheral blood stem cells sources accounted for 30.1% (in 2020-2022, 39.1%); 37.6% of those cases are for malignant diseases, of which 5 loci mismatched cases accounted for the highest percentage (14.8%); the mortality rate after stem cell transplantation with HLA-mismatched sources accounted for 35.8%, higher than the HLA-matched group (29.3%); survival rate after transplantation were as followed: HLA-matched (70.7%) and 5 loci HLA-mismatched (75%), there was not much difference in survival rate after 1 locus mismatch and 2-to-4 loci mismatch transplantations (55.6% and 55%). Conclusions: Initial results showed the effectiveness of HLA-mismatched allogeneic stem cell transplantation from peripheral blood in supporting patient treatment.