ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ IMATINIB TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN U MÔ ĐỆM ĐƯỜNG TIÊU HÓA (GISTS) TẠI BỆNH VIỆN K

Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumour of the digestive tract, representing around 1% of all intestinal neoplasms¹. Around 75%–80% of GISTs exhibit oncogenic KIT mutations², and another 8%–10% exhibit platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mutations³. Currently, imatinib is the standard first-line therapy for patients with advanced/metastatic GIST⁴. Objectives: To describe some clincal and paraclincal features and treatment outcomes of gastrointestinal stromal tumour with Imatinib. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in 36 patients treated with imatinib at National cancer hospital. Results: 36 patients were identified with mean age of 57.83 years. Regarding mutational status, 20 patients (55.56 %) had a KIT exon 11 mutation, 3 had KIT exon 9 mutation (8.33 %), 1 with a PDGFRA mutation (2.78%). 12 patients were wild type for KIT and PDGFRA (5 patients were tested using blood samples). 88.89% (32 pts) received imatinib 400mg/day and the remaining received 800mg/day as first line treatment. In a total of 36 patients participating in the study, complete response rate was 5.56%, partial response (PR) rate was 44.44%; disease control rate (DCR) was  94.44%. Most common side effects included eyelid edema, fatigue and nausea.The incidence of grade 3-4 was relatively low. Conclusions: Imatinib is the mainstay treatment in the management of advanced/ metastatic GISTs. Ours study demonstrates significant response rates with acceptable adverse side effects.