ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH ĐỘNG MẠCH CHI DƯỚI PHÁT HIỆN QUA KHẢO SÁT CHỈ SỐ HUYẾT ÁP CỔ CHÂN-CÁNH TAY TRÊN NGƯỜI BỆNH TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP

Abstract

Introduction: High blood pressure is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, accounting for increased risk of coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, renal failure, and peripheral arterial disease, including lower extremity arterial disease. Individuals with lower extremity arterial disease have a 1.05 to 3.77 times higher risk of myocardial infarction compared to those without the disease. However, the detection rate of this condition remains low, despite various diagnostic methods, including ankle-brachial index. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence and describe the characteristics of lower extremity arterial disease based on the ankle-brachial index in patients with hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 210 outpatient hypertensive patients at Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital. Ankle-brachial index measurements were taken while patients were at rest (at least 10 minutes) in a supine position using Doppler ultrasound and the diagnostic cutoff value of 0.9 was chosen. Results: The prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease based on the ankle-brachial index was 26.2%. The rates of mild to moderate lower extremity arterial stenosis were 26.2%, with no cases of severe stenosis. The prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease in the right leg, left leg and both legs was 25.5%, 21.8%, and 52.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with hypertension have a significant frequency of lower extremity arterial disease. The application of ankle-brachial index measurements for diagnosing lower extremity arterial disease in outpatient settings is a suitable option.